Alex Hailey :: Biography Biographies

Alex Hailey Journalist, writer. Alexander Murray Palmer Haley was born in Ithaca, New York, on August 11, 1921. He grew up in Henning, Tennessee, and graduated from high school at age 15. Haley studied at State Teachers College in Elizabeth City, North Carolina, for two years, and joined the Coast Guard in 1939. He started out as a mess attendant, Third Class, and in 1952 became the first to hold the title of Coast Guard Journalist. Haley’s friends quickly discovered his writing talent and began requesting his help when writing their own love letters. Haley also used his talents to recount the old tales of sea captains, which turned into his first published story. In the 1950s, Haley served as a public relations liaison, turning run-of-the-mill Coast Guard news into exciting, media-friendly narratives. After 20 years of service, Chief Journalist Haley retired from the Coast Guard in 1959 to pursue his career as a journalist full-time. He wrote stories for Playboy and Reader’s Digest , but his career exploded in 1965 with the publication of The Autobiography of Malcolm X . Haley had interviewed the minister of the Nation of Islam for Playboy, and these conversations expanded into the acclaimed autobiography. Malcolm X died shortly before the collaborative effort went to press. In 1965, Haley resolved to trace the genealogy of his mother’s family. He had grown up listening to his grandmother’s stories about â€Å"Kin-tay,† an African ancestor who was enslaved and shipped to America. Haley embarked on a safari to Juffure, a village in Gambia, to learn more. A local historian was able to tell Haley about his great-great-great-great-grandfather, Kunta Kinte, who was brought to America via slave-ship in 1767. Roots, Haley’s account of his family’s history, was published in 1976, after 12 years of research and creative reconstruction.

Is Overpopulation the Main Cause of Child Labour

Is Overpopulation the Main Cause of Child Labour? Child labour refers to the employment of children to benefit their family financial situation where they are exploited to danger and hazard. It may interfere with their education and hamper the children physically, mentally, spiritually or morally. Children exposed to child labour since young can be distorted or disabled due to carrying heavy loads or forced into unnatural positions at work for long hours. Many say that the main cause of child labour is overpopulation.Though I agree that overpopulation is one of the important causes of child labour, but I think that it is not the main cause of it. According to a report from UNICEF in 2010, an estimate number of 158 million children are engaged in child labour and this is about 17% of the total number of children and according to International Labour Organization, it has increased to 215 million currently. Over the years, researchers have provided sufficient evidences that a large popu larity of child labour occurs in developing countries.Majority of it happens mostly in the rural of Asian and African countries and they are mostly victims of scarce resources for example food supply and water. However, child labour is also common in some developed countries, for example in the United States, more than 230,000 children work in agriculture. Reported by Edmonds and Pavcnik, 85% of working children are employed for doing works related to the agriculture. Countries where child labour has become a common practice include Bangladesh, Tanzania, Myanmar, Yemen, India and many more.Below is a case of child labour in Bangladesh: â€Å"Mohammad Faisal Hossain is a twelve-year-old boy who works to support his family. To meet their needs, he holds down two jobs on the packed roads of the Bangladesh capital, Dhaka: selling newspapers in the early morning and working as a helping hand on a small minibus. Every morning, Mohammad collects newspapers from the retailer and weaves his way through the crowded railway stations and bus stops. On an average day, he earns 70 to 80 taka, less than US$1, at this job. His second job takes up most of his time until evening.On the minibus, he shouts out the vehicles’ destination to potential passengers and collects fares from each rider. At this job, Mohammad worries for his safety. His wish is to go to school everyday like other children but his mother, whose once a maid servant but left after she fell sick, couldn’t afford sending him to school after fifth grade. At this crucial moment between death and survival, his father left them behind which made them even more helpless and he has no other option but to work. † — reported by UNICEF — Causes of Child Labour Cases of child labour are mostly found in families who are suffering from poverty.Poorer families are usually overpopulated and they have more children and family members to feed and to take care of. In addition to these, they ha ve limited resources of food supply and other basic necessities essential for living as they can’t afford anything more. These factors have driven children to work so that their financial situation at home will improve. Exposed to harms, abuses and exploits, the children are deprived from their education. Overpopulation in an area will also cause the demand of resources like food supply to increase and therefore, people will compete for the available resources.This means that the poorer families will have less access to it. However, personally, I think that overpopulation is not the main cause of child labour. Poverty is the primary cause of child labour. Poverty leads to many other factors which force children into labour. Despite the fact that the parents know that child labour is incorrect, they are forced to choose this as the other option will be worse, for instance, without sufficient money for the basic needs of life, people will become malnourished and infected with d ieaseas which will eventually cause death.Besides that, poorer families tend to be less educated. The illiteracy of parents will cause them to neglect the physical and emotional development of a child as they do not realize the importance of one’s education and the effect of it they have on their future. Due to their illiteracy, the grown-ups are finding it difficult to find jobs that can provide them enough income to support their family. Now in the 21st century, most of the well-paid jobs are to be done with the help of advanced technology and it is expected that their employees have knowledge of how to use a computer.Thus, it is expected that the poorer ones has less chance to be employed as they don’t even know how to read or write, is it not? The increase in unemployments of the adults has caused the children to become the source of income. Children tend to work in factories because employers find it more profitable to employ children as they cost less and can ext ract more work. This problem has been known and throughout the years, much aid has been gathered to help increase the employment rate in rural areas.Governments and communities have been struggling hard to try find ways to bridge the digital divide as this may be the first step in help eradicating poverty. However, in my opinion, I think that the main culprit of the practice of child labour is the government. The ignorance of corrupted governments have caused cases of child labour to increase at a fast pace. It is the only right thing that the governments make sure that their people are not suffering from the lack of basic needs.They are the ones responsible for the countries affairs and they need to take actions to eradicate poverty in the country as fast as possible for example implementing new laws or enforcing existing laws to ban the employment of certain age. Here is a case where child labour is being ignored: An underage farm worker, Molefe Mogale, 14, was working on a farm i n Rustenburg when his hand was chopped off while operating a machine. He died in hospital a day later, on 26 July, Phetoe said. â€Å"So far only a case [of murder and child labour] is opened and nothing further is done.No arrest, no prosecution†¦ because the case was opened by the farmer we were told that they will not charge him. † — reported by Times Live –Effects of Child Labour Child labour deprives children of a proper childhood. They do not complete their development all roundly and this may lead to many psychological imbalances. When they grow up, the child labourers remains uneducated which means that they will be unable to find a good job. Hence, they become incapable of taking care their own family which means they need to make the later generation to work and thus, the history repeats itself.The uneducated of the child labourers will condemn them to a life of unskilled and badly paid work and this perpetuates poverty. Also, children who never ha ve the chance to enjoy the fun of their childhood are expected to reach mental and emotional maturity at a very early age. This is highly dangerous as these children will start displaying adult behaviors such as smoking and taking drugs. Employers are now taking the liking towards employing children as they are often paid much less than adults. These causes the unemployments of adults increase and thus, more families will force their children to work.Child labour also has impacts on the economy of the country. Despite the fact that child labour will not have evident impact when their young, but we all know that the future of our world lies in the hands of the the earlier generation. Possible Scenarios As I have mentioned above, I strongly disagree that overpopulation is the main cause of child labour. Poverty causes overpopulation and the ignorance of the corrupted government are the ones to blame for not putting enough effort to eradicate poverty. Corrupt Governments ?Continuation of Poverty ? Overpopulated Families ? Child Labour The children now are the future leaders of this place and if child labour is not stopped, it means that our world will be ? lled with more uneducated people. This will bring much problems as there will be many vacancies for the o? ce jobs in developed countries because not many of them are capable for the jobs. When people of the country has a lower income, it means that the total income of the country will also fall. Then, the global market will be a? ected.The gap between the rich and the poor will be even harder to bridge and it will be an eternal struggle for the government to eradicate poverty in their country. People around the world will face problem getting access to the services and products in rural countries when the unemployment rate increases. Many businesses that required special skills will not be able to have the jobs ? lled and eventually fall into bankruptcy. Businesses like manufacturing factories and farming will be cramped with people as they are the only job that the people are capable of doing because they do not require much skills.However, the employers will not be able to employ everybody in that area and the many more people will remain unemployed. Child labour will also cause harm to the countries’ nations. It can bring harm to our society. The children who are not brought up in the right way will not know that stealing is immoral and in order to survive, they will steal things from others. A recent case shows that a 10 year old kid was beaten to death because the innocent kid was slow at things. Imagine that you are the parent of the child, how will you react?They will react rashly and harshly towards the loss of their child and cause unsettlement and turmoil around the society. As more families face the same thing, the problem will get bigger and the whole country will be a? ected, forcing the government to take actions. What Should Be Done To Stop Child Labour? In my opini on, the government bears the most responsibility to stop child labour. Throughout the years, many di? erent laws have been implemented to ban the abuse of children and so on. Below are some examples of laws implemented to overcome the issue: 1919: The Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (No. ) prohibited the work of children under the age of 14 in industrial establishments. 1930: The ILO Forced Labour Convention (No. 29) protected children from forced or compulsory labour, such as victims of tra? cking, children in bondage, like Iqbal, and those exploited by prostitution and pornography. 1999: ILO unanimously adopted the Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (No. 182). It called for States to prevent the most damaging child exploitation practices or the worst forms that currently exist.Besides that Declaration of the Right of the Child is issued, stating a few important rules to help protect the chi ldren against unfair treatment and the protect their rights to have access to certain things like education. Declaration of the Rights of Child 1. All children have the right to what follows, no matter what their race, colour sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, or where they were born or who they were born to. 2. You have the special right to grow up and to develop physically and spiritually in a healthy and normal way, free and with dignity. . You have a right to a name and to be a member of a country. 4. You have a right to special care and protection and to good food, housing and medical services. 5. You have the right to special care if handicapped in any way. 6. You have the right to love and understanding, preferably from parents and family, but from the government where these cannot help. 7. You have the right to go to school for free, to play, and to have an equal chance to develop yourself and to learn to be responsible and useful. 8. You have the right alw ays to be among the ? st to get help. 9. You have the right to be protected against cruel acts or exploitation, e. g. you shall not be obliged to do work which hinders your development both physically and mentally. 10. You should be taught peace, understanding, tolerance and friendship among all people. The enforcement of existing laws is very important because there will not be e? ective if they are not enforced. There is one Chinese idiom that says: â€Å"Give a man a ? sh and you feed him for a day. Teach a man how to ? sh and you feed him for life. I think that the government or communities should organize vocational education and training for older child labourers so that they have better skills which means a better job in the future. Besides the implementation of new laws and enforcing the existing laws, in papers prepared for the 1997 International Conference on Child Labour, it was revealed that child labour can best be combated through providing better access to education, raising social awareness and so on. According to UNICEF, for every year of quality education that a child receives, their adult earning potential increases by a worldwide average of 10%.Governments in several countries have tried to make the enrollment of school compulsory and free of charge. This is accomplished by collecting funds and reducing the use of money on less important things. This method has been proven successful in Malawi in the year of 1994 when the government made primary education free. Research stated than from one academic year to the next, enrollment has increased by roughly 50%. However, I believe that stopping child labour is not only the responsibility of the governments. The society needs to contribute too as we are all living as one.I think that ? rstly, we need to be aware of what is happening to them and we can do this by observing the World Day Against Child Labour every year on June 12. We can start by spreading the words around and maybe start a commun ity in our society to unite against the problems by collecting funds to aid poorer families so that they can a? ord sending their children to school, gather old and unused items from people to donate to them so that they can spend their money on something else, organize campaigns to build rehabilitation and vocational centers to teach them special skills, and so on.Above are some of the basic things that we can do to help but to make things more e? ective, we can write to companies that use child labour and demand that they stop, contact Foreign A? airs, Industry, Trade and Labour Ministers to demand that trade be tied to human, children and labour rights, lobby the government to make education for all children a top priority, etc. We can all make a di? erence and anything will be possible if we put much e? ort into it. Small things that we do can make a great di? erence even only by spreading words about the e? ects and great impacts of child labour.In 2006, the International Labou r Organization published a report called The End of Child Labour:Within Reach. There was one very special fact noted in this report: â€Å"Today, there are 28 million fewer child labourers than there were four years ago! This means that the work you are doing—we are all doing—to stop child labour is truly creating positive change. But there is still much more to be done. † Global Views People have come around to know about this serious issue of child labour. Many communities and organizations have contributed much to help reduce and if possible, stop the practice of child labour as it brings bad e? cts tot he child and the people of the country. The best way to help raising awareness is to have celebrities to spread the word. This will be the most e? ective way as people from all around the world can hear them. Several presidents of some countries, including the ex-president of England – Tony Blair, have join hands with communities such as Global March to help keep the rights of the children. In my opinion, I believe that aid need to be provided with them urgently. I think that every children in this world have rights to receive equal opportunity of education and survival hances. It is unfair that the children have to pay the price of the consequences of poverty when they didn’t even do anything to cause it. Some people might think that it is none of their business as long as they are safe under the roof and has a great future laid beneath them, but they do not know that the continuation of child labour will eventually cause harm to the community and the country. Some of the child labourers even commented that being put in jail is better than their current life because they are fed and sheltered while in jail.The most basic things that we can do to help is to organize trips to slump-down areas to bring a little joy back to their life and to teach them special skills that might be useful to them in the future. International Vi ews: 1. â€Å"When you produce a bullet, you commit another sin against mankind, but when you make a toy or a book you bring hope and smile to a child. † — Kailash Satyarthi –International Coordinator of the Global March, Manila 23 January, 1998. 2. â€Å"†¦ 180 million kids are engaged in the worst forms of child labour. Put it all together and it is not only morally unacceptable, but politically dangerous. — Juan Samavia –3. â€Å"Child labor and poverty are inevitably bound together and if you continue to use the labor of children as the treatment for the social disease of poverty, you will have both poverty and child labor to the end of time. † — Grace Abbott –4. â€Å"In the past, children were all too often viewed more as property than people. Many victories for children's rights have been won in the last 100 years, such as child labor laws, protecting children from having to work long hours in unsafe conditions; p ublic education, allowing all children to have access to learning; and laws preventing child abuse.But there is still much to do in protecting children's rights around the world. † — Robert Alan Silverstein — National Views: 1. â€Å"Now is the time to act – for the future of our generation. The question of child abuse is crucial, we call on the general public to join hands with us. † — Boonthan Verawongse –South-East Asia Coordinator for the Global March, Malaysia 18 February,1998 2. â€Å"It’s very important for businesses to understand while they are providing employment to the families†¦ that they also have a responsibility to the families and the children who are born of those parents† — Victor Karunan –Voicing Their Thoughts: 1. This is our right – that (adults) have to listen. This is children's rights. And if they are not abiding with that right, we will work harder to make them hear. â⠂¬  — Om Prakash –November 19, 2006 2. â€Å"We want to study and learn, not beg on the streets. During the worldwide march I learnt that I, too, am a real person. Now I want to become an engineer. † — Basu –11 years old Nepalese street child, Thailand 14 February,1998 3. â€Å"Why do we have to pay the price of poverty. We didn't create poverty, adults did. † — Sultana –12 years old garment factory worker, Bangladesh 14 February,1998.Conclusion In conclusion, I disagree that overpopulation is the main cause of child labour because I think that a corrupt government in the country contributes most to it. A country’s availability of resources and a? airs like poverty rates are all managed by the government. If the government was e? ective, then the poverty rate will be lower and decrease but a corrupted government will only cause the country to become even poorer, hence increasing the cases of child labour. Governments pl ay a major role in eradicating poverty and stopping child labour as the impacts of the continuation of child labour will be devastating.As we all know, the future lies in the hands of the children and child labour only causes the increase in the illiteracy rate and this is not something good if we are to lead the country in the future. However, governments are not the only one responsible of this current issue and businesses and the society needs to help stop it. Businesses should make sure they don’t employ them at a low costs and we as normal citizens need to be careful not to encourage child labour by buying products that involves child labour. Many things have been done to help stop child labour and many laws have been implemented and enforced.At this rate, I believe that child labour can be stopped someday and children will be given back their rights if everybody contributes a little to help them. Resources: 1. http://www. eclt. org/about-child-labour/child-labour-standa rds 2. http://jordan. thebeehive. org/en/content/1515/2936 3. http://nchildlabour. info/HTML/Intro/CAUSES%20AND%20SOCIAL%20IMPACT%20OF %20CHILD%20LABOUR. htm 4. h t t p : / / c o n c o r d i a . a c a d e m i a . e d u / G i a c o m o J a c k M a g g i o r e / P a p e r s / 3 6 3 2 4 3 / The_Dark_Exploration_into_the_Reality_behind_the_Third_World_Labor_Market_A_docum ent_on_Child_Labor 5. http://www. imeslive. co. za/local/2011/08/05/child-labour-being-ignored 6. http://www. ilo. org/global/topics/child-labour/lang–en/index. htm 7. http://www. irinnews. org/Report/32259/TANZANIA-Child-labour-common-in-Zanzibar 8. http://library. thinkquest. org/03oct/01908/800/whydoesitoccur_childlabor. htm 9. http://anujagarwal. hubpages. com/hub/Cause-and-effects-of-Child-Labour 10. http://sukritha. hubpages. com/hub/ChildLabourStillExist 11. http://www. betterworld. net/quotes/children-quotes. htm 12. http://www. unicef. org/infobycountry/malaysia_61973. html 13. http://www. un. org/cyber schoolbus/humanrights/resources/plainchild. asp

Infanticide Cross Cultural Analysis of the Causes of...

Infanticide is not unique to humans. It is practiced by many mammals including some primates. The main difference between human and animal infanticide is that infanticide in humans is performed by the parent(s) of the child while in the case of animals it is usually a male suitor (Caldwell and Caldwell, 2005, p. 208). In pre-modern societies infanticide was done instead of abortions as it allowed for sexual selection, it was much more effective than pre-modern contraception, and it did not require any special skills or esoteric knowledge (Caldwell and Caldwell,2005, p. 205). Infanticide has a history as a method of population control. It is more frequent to throw away girl babies. This may be because of dowries or other cultural reasons.†¦show more content†¦101). In one study by DOrban, it was shown that 26% of 89 infanticide cases involved mental illness. (Porter and Gavin, 2010, p. 101). Other reasons for infanticide include an unwanted infant, revenge against the father , and financial reasons. Culture is a foremost determinant of resource availability which has a direct effect on infanticide numbers. Cultural factors play a role in isolation and lack of kin support, relationship difficulties and a lack of paternal support and a lack of resources (Kunst and Reed, 1999, p. 154). Infanticide is higher when women do not have economic resources or the support of the father. Evolutionary theories propose that when resources are limited, the parents and other children are more likely to survive without the newborn infant. A young mother has potential to replace this infant at more economically convenient time (Friedman et al, 2012, p. 591). A common reason given for infanticide in Bolivia is that there is not enough land or that the mother has too many children (C. de Hilari et al, 2009, p. 356). Studies have shown women who kill their newborns are usually under 25, immature, unmarried and often uninvolved with the father, and either unemployed or in sch ool (Porter Gavin, 2010, p. 100). The burden of an infant may be too much when the woman does not have financial support or financial independence. In cultures where womenShow MoreRelatedHuman Rights7292 Words   |  30 PagesHuman Values, Value Education Towards Personal Development Aim of education and value education; Evolution of value oriented education; Concept of Human values; types of values; Components of value education. Personal Development : Self analysis and introspection; sensitization towards gender equality, physically challenged, intellectually challenged. Respect to - age, experience, maturity, family members, neighbours, co-workers. 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The Case of IT Management at Alcan Free Essay Example, 1750 words

In relation to IT Infrastructure the governance style employed was also that of a feudal system where each business unit makes their own decisions in relation to the infrastructure they required to carry out specific areas of its operations. The different operations only shared a few services. However, the accounting infrastructure varied across the different business units and in different locations. In relation to the business application needs, it is much decentralized and fits closely with that of anarchy. According to Robert Ouelette, this has resulted in over 1,000 different applications with over 400 relating to finance. In terms of prioritization and investment decisions, the IT governance system in place was feudalism as in most of the other decision areas. The business representatives for the operating groups decided on the requirements. Each operating group had their own strategic IT plans and so the decisions were made on that basis. Governance is structured in this way at Alcan because there have been many acquisitions and mergers. Each business unit that was acquired or added through merger operated as a separate entity. The advantages of this kind of structure are as follows: The business units are able to make decisions quickly without having to wait on head office. We will write a custom essay sample on The Case of IT Management at Alcan or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now This means that implementation is not affected by inefficiencies associated with bureaucracy which is normally associated with centralization. The head of IT is able to pay attention to major aspects of IT decision-making The business representatives of the operating groups understand the needs of their operating groups best. The disadvantages of this structure are as follows: Each business unit does its own thing without any kind of consultation to determine whether there are persons inside the organization. No internal consultations are done and therefore bad decisions are made. Duplication of services and costs as is the case where three separate implementations of SAP was taking place at the same time. Little or no communication between operating groups.

How Did The Women s Suffrage Movement Change Societies...

Adam Gronowski Mrs. Albanese Writing 3 20 November 2014 How Did the Women’s Suffrage Movement Change Societies View on Women? Introduction Societies view on women has changed drastically over the past few centuries. During the eighteenth century, women were looked down upon and were treated poorly and unfairly. They had far less rights than men did at the time. They could not vote, could not receive formal schooling and could not hold any political positions. Women were seen as pathetic humans who could not work laborious jobs and were only useful in the house. Slowly, times started to change for the better. Groups of women formed together and fought against the unfairness. These women fought for their rights and for the rights of all women in the country. Their goal was to change the way society treated them and perceived them. So I then wondered, How Did the Women’s Suffrage Movement Change Societies View on Women? 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Women were seen as dependents of men and without any power. They were often thought just props that enhanced the social status of her husband by making him appear as a trustworthy family man to his community. By the 1840s a great amount of people began fighting for women’s right to be first class citizens. After the fifteenth amendment was passed in 1870 allowing African American men to vote, women felt it excluded them and were disappointed that othersRead MoreDivine Rebellion Anne Hutchinson1362 Words   |  6 Pagesthe roles of society were decide by gender, men’s role was mostly the same throughout history, but the women’s role changed slowly over time. There was many women who were fighting to change their roles and one such woman is Anne Marbury Hutchinson. In â€Å"Divine Rebel† Selma R. Williams tells the story of Ann e Hutchinson, who was a Puritan woman of the late 1500s, and researched informations was hard to find. 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With all the social movement meetings Pankhurst attended and the discussions she held, she developed her own views on social injustice which made her become a suffragist. She not only fought for a change, but encouraged women to help men during the war by doing jobs that weren’tRead MoreThree Waves Of Feminism Essay1406 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Feminism†? feminism is a belief where a woman s needs and their contributions are valued. It’s based on the social, political and economical equality for women. It is also described as a movement. Where women are fighting for their right since evolution. Now, what about the word â€Å"wave†? The word â€Å"wave† which categorizes feminism because it illustrates the forward motion- of the women s movements. It helps to understand this movement in by thinking of the motion of an actual wave (in towards

A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force Free Essays

Domestic violence causes far more pain than the visible marks of bruises and scars. It is devastating to be abused by someone that you love and think loves you in return. My resolution that I will be debating is â€Å"A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force is a Just Response to Repeated Domestic Violence†. We will write a custom essay sample on A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force or any similar topic only for you Order Now Domestic Violence is a pattern of behavior which involves the abuse by one partner against another in an intimate relationship such as marriage, cohabitation, dating or within the family. I value the life of both parties including the person who is committing the act of domestic violence. The victim of domestic violence isn’t justified in using deadly force unless the person is committing an act of domestic violence on the victim right that moment. That statement brings me to my first contention, the life of each person involved in a domestic violence dispute are both important. If you are the victim of repeated domestic violence you shouldn’t use deadly force unless it’s in self defense. Read this â€Å"The Secrets of Haiti’s Living Dead† Murder in the first degree is any murder that is willful and premeditated and by killing the man or woman that committed the act of domestic violence you are indeed going to prison to be put on death row. Jodi Arias a young woman killed her boyfriend Travis Alexander and lied about it for two years in 2008. Then in 2010 she confessed to killing her boyfriend in self defense by shooting him once and stabbing him 27 times. Arias say Alexander attacked her, but police say she planned the attack in a jealous rage. Jodi said that that Travis often had violent outburst that resulted in domestic violence. My second contention How to cite A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force, Papers A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force Free Essays Domestic violence causes far more pain than the visible marks of bruises and scars. It is devastating to be abused by someone that you love and think loves you in return. My resolution that I will be debating is â€Å"A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force is a Just Response to Repeated Domestic Violence†. We will write a custom essay sample on A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force or any similar topic only for you Order Now Domestic Violence is a pattern of behavior which involves the abuse by one partner against another in an intimate relationship such as marriage, cohabitation, dating or within the family. I value the life of both parties including the person who is committing the act of domestic violence. The victim of domestic violence isn’t justified in using deadly force unless the person is committing an act of domestic violence on the victim right that moment. That statement brings me to my first contention, the life of each person involved in a domestic violence dispute are both important. If you are the victim of repeated domestic violence you shouldn’t use deadly force unless it’s in self defense. Murder in the first degree is any murder that is willful and premeditated and by killing the man or woman that committed the act of domestic violence you are indeed going to prison to be put on death row. Jodi Arias a young woman killed her boyfriend Travis Alexander and lied about it for two years in 2008. Then in 2010 she confessed to killing her boyfriend in self defense by shooting him once and stabbing him 27 times. Arias say Alexander attacked her, but police say she planned the attack in a jealous rage. Jodi said that that Travis often had violent outburst that resulted in domestic violence. My second contention How to cite A Victims Deliberate Use of Deadly Force, Essay examples

The Danger of Being a Follower free essay sample

Follower When I was Just eleven years old, my life was changed by something that seemed very innocent, a clique. In Patricia and Peter Alders Peer Power they explain what a clique Is, the different types, how they operate, and Influence people. In Peer Power, there Is a chapter called Clique Dynamics and School Children, and It explains the many different areas how a clique can be psychologically damaging to a person. My own story is extremely similar to the examples used in explaining subjugation in Adler and Idlers Clique Dynamics and School Children.When I entered middle school in Boise, Idaho I was so nervous. I met a lot of people, but one of them stood out to me, Tannins. She quickly became my best friend. We had the same style, and same taste in music. Both of us came from bad homes, so that was something to bond over too. Her situation was a lot worse than mine because both of her parents had been in and out of prison since she was three. Her grandma was well off, so things were not too bad. We became each others support system, and we were partners In crime. The whole school year was filled with many sleepovers and vacations.We would share clothes, go shopping, get our hall done together, and go see movies. Our days were also filled with trips to the spa, running around neighborhoods, and going to parties. We were best friends. The year came to a close and the seventh grade was quickly approaching. Her grandma had won a lot of money gambling, and so she offered to take Tannins and I on a cruise. My mom was very excited for me, but when my dad heard, he was less than thrilled about it, so I wasnt able to go. Tannins and I were both very upset that I couldnt go on the cruise with her, but we made the best of the summer we had left together.When Tannins got back from the cruise, school had been in session for two weeks. I was so excited to see her, so I ran up to her and gave her a hug. She then looked at me with disgust and told me that she had new and better friends so she did not want me to talk to her again. She also said that she could not explain anything else because If they saw her with me, they would kick her out of the group. I had no Idea what I did wrong, but I was very upset. I tried to talk to her later In the day, but her new friends kept making fun of me. They would call me names and go out of their way to harass me in he hallways and at lunch.They would call me a loser and accuse me of stalking Tannins. The dynamic of picking on others outside of the group is similar to what Adler and Adler define as subjugation. In Alders Peer Power, they explain the different tactics of out-group subjugation. They like to pick on people of lower status, it tends to excite them (Adler and Adler 179). Adler and Adler explain, One of the main things is to keep picking on unpopular kids because its fun to dc (Quoted in Adler and Adler 180). The worst part was that Tannins went along with all of it. I was o upset that my once best friend thought that I was annoying.The bullying got a lot worse, and so did my home life. I would come home from school every day, and beg my mom to let me move to my dads house In La Grandee, Oregon. She was not very willing to let me move to a different state. Tannings new friends decided that they would play a prank on me, so they asked Tannins who I had a crush on. She play a trick on me. The group had him ask me out as a Joke, then break up with me and call me names. So he did. My experience is very similar to an observation in Adler and Idlers Peer Power. There were children quoted in Peer Power that showed the same behavior that Tannings friends did. We knew what bugged them, so we could use it against them. And we Just did it to pester me, aggravate me, make us feel better about ourselves (Adler and Adler, 183). Tannings new friends were making my life miserable. I had never been a part of the popular clique, but they were still bullying me and targeting me to make me miserable. I quickly became more depressed. Everyday they would tell me that I was worthless and that I should kill myself. They would call me fat, ugly, and a ghost because of how pale I was. I started acting out more at home.I would steal prescription pain meds from my friends moms, steal money, and go tanning often. I started wearing a lot more make-up, and I was drinking alcohol every night. By age twelve, I became an addict and developed an eating disorder. I began cutting not far into the year. My friends were very concerned about me during the whole process. I refused to tell anyone about the bullying because I didnt want to make it worse. I was afraid that they would resort to violence, very similar to Adler and Idlers study. Adler and Adler interviewed a young person hat explained how they bullied others, and they used similar tactics to my bullies. They know if they tell on you, then youll beat them up, and so they wont tell on you, they Just kind of take it in, walk away (Adler and Adler, 181). Yet everyday, a different member of the popular crowd would slip notes into my locker saying things like muff should Just kill yourself because you are a worthless piece of sit, Die you dumb count, and No one really loves you anyway, the world would be a better place without you in it. After months of all of the notes and public humiliation, I started to believe very one of the degrading comments, and I tried to take my own life.I was, obviously, unsuccessful in this horrific act. I came back to school after a couple weeks and, of course, everyone had heard what I tried to do. The day I came back was when the harassment stopped, at least from the popular clique. But the rumors were worse than ever that day from everyone but my biggest enemies and everyone wanted to talk to meeven Tannins. She came up to me after school. I had to stay late to get the extra homework I had missed, so she waited. I was getting books out of my locker and she came to my side. I remember I was looking at the floor, and the first thing I saw was her shoes.I had given them to her. The last thing I wanted to do was look up at her, but I did anyway. To my surprise, her eyes were filled with tears, and it looked as though she had been crying the whole day. She started hysterically sobbing in her hands while she stood there for a couple minutes. I hated the monster she had become, but I took her in my arms and let her cry on me. Tannins calmed down after I gave her a little time to cry. She told me how sorry she was for everything and how much she hated herself for becoming a part of their group and being so mean.I Just stood there, unsure of what to say. She continued saying that one of the popular girls, Kelsey, was on the same cruise she was, and Kelsey had convinced her to Join the popular group. Tannins said that Kelsey was so nice at first, and very sweet. But things changed over the month-long cruise, and the leader of the popular had become anything but sweet. Tannins could not escape. She too, was a victim of their talk to Cheyenne again; because if you do we wont talk to you anymore. and muff should feel lucky that we accepted someone so ugly and poor into our friend group.Tannins felt obligated to go along with everything because the popular were the only friends she had. As soon as she started being mean to me, all of our other friends started rejecting her. The other followers in the popular group felt bad for her, she had gotten herself into a difficult spot but there was nothing they could do. In Adler and Alders study, clique members had similar feelings about other clique members, as they felt for Tannins. Clique members thus went along with picking on their friends, even though they knew it hurt, because they were afraid (CTD. N Adler ND Adler 184). They became accustomed to living within a social world where the power dynamics could be hurtful, and accepted it (Adler and Adler, 183). It was very strange to hear Tannins apologize after such a long time. The experience was terribly awkward for me, but I stood there and listened to her tell me how sorry she was. When she was finished, she asked me to say something. All that I could do was look at her and tell her that, in time, I would forgive her. But we would never be good friends again. She was very grateful for my response, asked if she could hug me, and feet.Tannins was no longer friends with the popular after what had happened. She always blamed herself for everything, but even she was a victim in the end. The clique members bullied her from them inside of the group, not Just people outside of the group. I felt bad for the way Tannings new friends treated her. After my seventh grade year was over, my mom was not able to handle all of the chaos I had created around me. She had a baby in the house, and did not want him to be around the new lifestyle I had made for myself. She let me move to my dads in La Grandee, Oregon ND that is one decision I am extremely grateful for.